In magnetic particle inspection of a repair weld, what does an irregular indication running parallel with the weld passes suggest?

An irregular indication running parallel with the weld passes during magnetic particle inspection typically suggests the presence of weld shrinkage cracks. When a welded joint cools, the metal can contract unevenly due to the thermal gradients created during the welding process. This contraction can lead to the formation of cracks that often run parallel to the bead of the weld.

Such cracks are usually associated with high residual stresses and can compromise the integrity of the weld. Irregular indications specifically can indicate that the surface has experienced uneven cooling or additional stress factors, which aligns with the characteristics of shrinkage cracks.

While other types of defects like inclusions, crater cracks, and porosity can produce various indications, their patterns and alignments usually differ from those observed with shrinkage cracks. Inclusions are often more randomly oriented, crater cracks may not necessarily run parallel to the weld, and porosity typically manifests as smaller, more uniform indications rather than irregular shapes aligning along the weld. Thus, the characteristics and behavior of the indication are key to identifying the type of defect present.